Psoriasis is an autoimmune, inflammatory disease with high prevalence worldwide. The complexity of this disease and the composition of the skin make it difficult to choose the right treatment for each person. This review aims to elucidate the structure and function of the skin, the causes and clinical manifestations of psoriasis, the therapies currently used, and the in vitro skin models used nowadays in this research area. Psoriasis mainly affects the skin, which is an extremely complex organ, varying the affected area and its intensity. For the study of psoriasis, in vitro models that allow the skin to be replicated have been developed to investigate new pharmacological therapies. Some of these models are developed from cell cultures, while others, called biophysical models, simulate some properties of the skin, each with its respective advantages and limitations. The research of skin models is a top priority for finding effective and safe new treatments for patients.