Early detection and treatment of breast cancer remains a challenge today. Although conventional therapy is currently the first-line treatment, it produces remarkable side effects by damaging healthy cells. As a novel therapy approach, nanoparticles are intended to increase the systemic circulation of anticancer drugs, enhancing their accumulation at the tumor site and consequently reducing their toxicity in healthy tissues. In order to achieve this goal, scientists have been studying how to shape the structural and physicochemical properties of nanoparticles, such as their nature, size and surface, in order to camouflage and evade the immune system, increase therapeutic efficacy and reduce toxicity of the anticancer drug. Nowadays, the FDA (Food and Drug Administration) has already approved more than eight types of nanomedicines applied to the routine treatment of breast cancer.